Alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam are the most commonly misused BZDs by both adolescents and adults. The pediatric rate of misuse, severity of outcomes, and presence of co-ingestants have steadily increased since 2000, especially in adolescents. BZDs are also commonly misused and diverted. The high incidence of BZD overdose mirrors their widespread use and availability. Due to their many uses and wide therapeutic index, BZDs are widely prescribed, and nearly 50 different agents are available worldwide. They are also frequently combined with other medications for procedural sedation. BZDs are safer than older sedative-hypnotic agents, such as barbiturates, and thus are commonly used for sedation and to treat anxiety, seizures, withdrawal states, insomnia, and agitation.
INTRODUCTION - Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are sedative-hypnotic agents that have been in clinical use since the 1960s.
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